Cannabis Legalization and Regulation in Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico has not legalized recreational cannabis. Possession, sale, and cultivation for non-medical use remain illegal and subject to criminal penalties under territorial law.
Medical cannabis was legalized in 2015 through an executive order, later formalized under Act 42 of 2017. Patients with qualifying conditions—including cancer, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, chronic pain, anxiety disorders, and others—may obtain a physician’s certification and register with the Puerto Rico Medical Cannabis Regulatory Board. Registered patients can purchase flower, edibles, oils, tinctures, topicals, and capsules from licensed dispensaries. Smoking cannabis flower is prohibited, but vaporization is allowed. Home cultivation for medical patients is not permitted.
The medical cannabis program is regulated by the Puerto Rico Department of Health’s Medical Cannabis Regulatory Board. Licensed businesses include cultivators, manufacturers, testing laboratories, and dispensaries. Products must meet strict testing, labeling, and packaging standards, and sales are restricted to registered patients and caregivers.
Hemp cultivation and hemp-derived products are legal under federal and territorial law, provided they contain no more than 0.3% THC. Hemp-derived CBD is widely available, but intoxicating cannabinoids like delta-8 THC are restricted and subject to cannabis program regulations when sold for human consumption.
For cannabis operators, Puerto Rico’s market is centered on medical sales, with opportunities in cultivation, manufacturing, and retail dispensaries. Licensed operators seeking banking or financial services must provide state-issued licensing documentation, ownership records, tax IDs, operating agreements, and financial statements. Because cannabis remains federally restricted, financial institutions require armored cash transport, reconciled deposit schedules, AML/BSA monitoring, and audit-ready recordkeeping. Proper tax compliance with excise and sales taxes is essential to maintaining banking relationships.
The Puerto Rico Department of Health’s Medical Cannabis Regulatory Board oversees the program. For official licensing resources, compliance requirements, and program updates, visit: https://www.salud.pr.gov/pages/cannabis.aspx